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1.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 83(2): 127-131, Mar.-Apr. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1088964

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: Inferior eyelid laxity is classically evaluated using "snap-back" and "distraction" tests. This study aimed to assess the reproducibility of the technique used to indirectly quantify the horizontal tension in the lower eyelids using digital image processing. Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted to assess the reproducibility of a new technique that quantifies the horizontal tension in the lower eyelid. The study was conducted at the Hospital das Clínicas of Porto Alegre. The protocol was established by two trained ophthalmologist examiners, allowing intra- and interobserver agreement analyses. Image acquisition was done in two stages: the first image was captured with the eyelid in primary gaze position and the second with the eyelid in traction position. All images and measurements were processed using Image J 1.33m software from the National Institute of Health. The Bland-Altman method, intraclass correlation coefficients, concordance correlation coefficients, and technical measurement error were used to evaluate reproducibility. Results: The study participants comprised healthy individuals with no ophthalmologic pathologies. The measurements obtained in the neutral position showed a slightly higher agreement than those obtained in the traction position. The mean difference between the measurements performed in the traction position was 0.028 ± 0.7 mm and 0.014 ± 0.9 mm in the intra- and interobserver analyses, respectively. The Bland-Altman method demonstrated adequate confidence limits for both measurements. Correlation coefficients for measurements varied between 0.87 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68-0.95] and 0.91 (95% CI 0.77-0.97) in the neutral position and between 0.72 (95% CI 0.37-0.89) and 0.76 (95% CI 0.4-0.91) in the traction position. Conclusion: A high intra- and interobserver concordance was observed in the studied method to quantify lower eyelid tension. The proposed method is simple and easily reproducible, and to the best our knowledge, this is the first method that quantifies lower eyelid horizontal tension on the basis of digital image processing. This modified distraction test might be useful in studies quantifying lower eyelid horizontal tension.


RESUMO Objetivo: A frouxidão palpebral inferior é avaliada classicamente por meio de testes de "snap-back" e "distraction test". O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a reprodutibilidade da técnica utilizada para quantificar indiretamente a tensão horizontal nas pálpebras inferiores através do processamento digital de imagens. Métodos: Este estudo longitudinal foi realizado para avaliar a reprodutibilidade de uma nova técnica que quantifica a tensão horizontal na pálpebra inferior. O estudo foi realizado no Hospital das Clínicas de Porto Alegre. O protocolo foi estabelecido por dois examinadores oftalmologistas treinados, permitindo análises de concordância intra e interavaliador. A aquisição de imagens foi feita em duas etapas: a primeira imagem foi capturada com a pálpebra na posição primária do olhar e a segunda com pálpebra tracionada. Todas as imagens e medições foram processadas usando o software Image J 1.33m do National Institute of Health. O método de Bland-Altman, os coeficientes de correlação intraclasses, os coeficientes de correlação de concordância e o erro técnico da medida foram utilizados para avaliar a reprodutibilidade. Resultados: Os participantes do estudo foram indivíduos saudáveis e sem patologias oftalmológicas. As medidas obtidas na posição neutra mostraram concordância levemente maior do que as obtidas na posição tracionada. A diferença média entre as medidas realizadas na posição tracionada foi de 0,028 ± 0,7mm e 0,014 ± 0,9mm nas análises intra e interobservadores, respectivamente. O método de Bland-Altman demonstrou limites de confiança adequados para ambas as medidas. Os coeficientes de correlação para as medidas variaram entre 0,87 [intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC) 0,68-0,95) e 0,91 (IC 95% 0,77-0,97) na posição neutra e entre 0,72 (IC 95% 0,37-0,89) e 0,76 (IC 95% 0,46-0,91) na posição tracionada. Conclusão: Observou-se elevada concordância intra e interobservador no método estudado para quantificar a tensão palpebral inferior. O método proposto é simples e facilmente reproduzível, e, do melhor modo possível, este é o primeiro método que quantifica a tensão horizontal da pálpebra inferior com base no processamento digital de imagens. Este teste de distração modificado pode ser útil em estudos que quantifiquem a tensão horizontal da pálpebra inferior.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/standards , Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/methods , Eyelid Diseases/physiopathology , Eyelid Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Reference Values , Software , Photography/methods , Observer Variation , Prospective Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Eyelids/physiopathology , Eyelids/diagnostic imaging
2.
Korean Journal of Ophthalmology ; : 309-310, 2016.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-51218
4.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 71(1): 18-22, jan.-fev. 2012. ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-618313

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a posição palpebral de portadores de ptose congênita e adquirida, procurando identificar diferenças entre elas. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada avaliação retrospectiva de portadores de ptose palpebral atendidos no Ambulatório de Plástica Ocular da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu-UNESP, no período de 1995 a 2006, com dados recuperados de fichas de atendimento e de arquivo de imagens digitais. Foram avaliados dados de 87 pacientes, como idade, sexo e dados relativos à ptose. As ptoses foram separadas em dois grandes grupos: congênita e adquirida. Foram realizadas medidas digitais da distância margem-reflexo (DMR), distância margem-sulco palpebral superior (DMSC) e distância margem supercílio (DMSP). A unidade de medida considerada foi o diâmetro corneano de cada um dos indivíduos. Todos os dados foram transferidos para tabela Excel e receberam análise estatística. RESULTADOS: A análise mostrou que não existe associação entre a presença de ptose e sexo, assim como tipo de ptose e sexo. Houve diferença significativa entre pálpebras com ptose e sem ptose para DMR. A DMR não apresentou diferença significativa nas ptoses congênita ou adquirida. No que tange a DMSP e DMSC, a ptose adquirida possui valores superiores aos obtidos para portadores de ptose congênita. CONCLUSÃO: A avaliação do posicionamento palpebral confirmou que a DMR é menor nos portadores de ptose palpebral e que as ptoses congênitas e adquiridas possuem DMR semelhantes. A DMSC e a DMSP apresentam valores superiores em portadores de ptose adquirida.


OBJECTIVES: To assess the palpebral position in patients with congenital or acquired ptosis, related to margin, sulcus and eyebrow, trying to identify differences between types of ptosis. METHODS: A retrospective evaluation of patients with palpebral ptosis treated at the Ambulatory of Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery - Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (UNESP) was conducted, from 1995 to 2006. Data were recovered from electronic medical charts as well as digital image files. Eighty-seven patients were assessed, according to age, gender and data related to ptosis, such as time of appearance and type of palpebral ptosis. Palpebral ptosis was classified in two groups: congenital and acquired ptosis. Measurements were taken of margin-reflex distance (MRD), margin sulcus distance (MSD) and margin eyebrow distance (MED) using digital measurements of photos obtained. The corneal diameter of each individual patients was the unit of measure used. All data was transferred to an Excel Spreadsheet and received statistical treatment. RESULTS: Statistical analysis revealed there is no association between the presence of ptosis and gender, or the type of ptosis and gender. There was a significant difference between eyelid with and without ptosis for MRD. However, in relation to the type of ptosis (congenital or acquired), MRD did not present any significant difference. The MSD and MED measurements were higher in acquired ptosis when compared to congenital ptosis. CONCLUSION: Assessment of palpebral positioning using digital measures endorse that MRD is smaller in patients with palpebral ptosis and similar in congenital or acquired ptosis, whereas MSD and MED presented higher values in acquired ptosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Blepharoptosis/diagnostic imaging , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Eyebrows/anatomy & histology , Eyebrows/diagnostic imaging , Eyelids/anatomy & histology , Eyelids/diagnostic imaging , Reflex , Software , Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted , Photography , Retrospective Studies
5.
Korean Journal of Ophthalmology ; : 297-300, 2012.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-194318

ABSTRACT

Lacrimal sac diverticulum is a rare condition, and its various symptoms complicate differential diagnosis. We present cases of a peculiar type of lacrimal diverticulum. A 5-year-old girl and a 50-year-old woman presented with a protruding mass inferior to the medial canthus. Each lacrimal system was patent to irrigation. The masses compressed and distorted the lacrimal passage and had no apparent connection with the lacrimal sac in dacryocystography or computed tomography. Surgical exploration and complete excision of the masses were completed. Each patient had an inverted Y- and an inverted V-shaped multilobular cystic mass that was pathologically confirmed as a lacrimal sac diverticulum. Lacrimal sac diverticula may rarely take the form of a multilobular cyst and can present as a lower lid mass. We speculate that an abnormality in lacrimal embryogenesis resulted in multiple blind pouches, a peculiar type of lacrimal sac diverticulum.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Diagnosis, Differential , Diverticulum/diagnostic imaging , Eyelids/diagnostic imaging , Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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